Description: Lecture, three hours; discussion, one hour (when scheduled). Designed for juniors/seniors. Middle East underwent widespread social, economic, and cultural changes during 19th century that propelled society, at least portions of society and aspects of its social/cultural life, in entirely new direction. Examination of those changes to understand exactly what modernity meant for region. May be repeated for maximum of 16 units with topic and/or instructor change. P/NP or letter grading.

Units: 4.0